nushell/crates/nu-command/src/generators/generate.rs

use itertools::unfold;
use nu_engine::{command_prelude::*, get_eval_block_with_early_return};
use nu_protocol::engine::Closure;

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Generate;

impl Command for Generate {
    fn name(&self) -> &str {
        "generate"
    }

    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
        Signature::build("generate")
            .input_output_types(vec![
                (Type::Nothing, Type::List(Box::new(Type::Any))),
                (
                    Type::List(Box::new(Type::Any)),
                    Type::List(Box::new(Type::Any)),
                ),
            ])
            .required("initial", SyntaxShape::Any, "Initial value.")
            .required(
                "closure",
                SyntaxShape::Closure(Some(vec![SyntaxShape::Any])),
                "Generator function.",
            )
            .allow_variants_without_examples(true)
            .category(Category::Generators)
    }

    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
        "Generate a list of values by successively invoking a closure."
    }

    fn extra_usage(&self) -> &str {
        r#"The generator closure accepts a single argument and returns a record
containing two optional keys: 'out' and 'next'. Each invocation, the 'out'
value, if present, is added to the stream. If a 'next' key is present, it is
used as the next argument to the closure, otherwise generation stops.
"#
    }

    fn search_terms(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
        vec!["unfold", "stream", "yield", "expand"]
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![
            Example {
                example: "generate 0 {|i| if $i <= 10 { {out: $i, next: ($i + 2)} }}",
                description: "Generate a sequence of numbers",
                result: Some(Value::list(
                    vec![
                        Value::test_int(0),
                        Value::test_int(2),
                        Value::test_int(4),
                        Value::test_int(6),
                        Value::test_int(8),
                        Value::test_int(10),
                    ],
                    Span::test_data(),
                )),
            },
            Example {
                example: "generate [0, 1] {|fib| {out: $fib.0, next: [$fib.1, ($fib.0 + $fib.1)]} } | first 10",
                description: "Generate a stream of fibonacci numbers",
                result: Some(Value::list(
                    vec![
                        Value::test_int(0),
                        Value::test_int(1),
                        Value::test_int(1),
                        Value::test_int(2),
                        Value::test_int(3),
                        Value::test_int(5),
                        Value::test_int(8),
                        Value::test_int(13),
                        Value::test_int(21),
                        Value::test_int(34),
                    ],
                    Span::test_data(),
                )),
            },
        ]
    }

    fn run(
        &self,
        engine_state: &EngineState,
        stack: &mut Stack,
        call: &Call,
        _input: PipelineData,
    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
        let initial: Value = call.req(engine_state, stack, 0)?;
        let capture_block: Spanned<Closure> = call.req(engine_state, stack, 1)?;
        let block_span = capture_block.span;
        let block = engine_state.get_block(capture_block.item.block_id).clone();
        let ctrlc = engine_state.ctrlc.clone();
        let engine_state = engine_state.clone();
        let mut stack = stack.captures_to_stack(capture_block.item.captures);
        let orig_env_vars = stack.env_vars.clone();
        let orig_env_hidden = stack.env_hidden.clone();
        let eval_block_with_early_return = get_eval_block_with_early_return(&engine_state);

        // A type of Option<S> is used to represent state. Invocation
        // will stop on None. Using Option<S> allows functions to output
        // one final value before stopping.
        let iter = unfold(Some(initial), move |state| {
            let arg = match state {
                Some(state) => state.clone(),
                None => return None,
            };

            // with_env() is used here to ensure that each iteration uses
            // a different set of environment variables.
            // Hence, a 'cd' in the first loop won't affect the next loop.
            stack.with_env(&orig_env_vars, &orig_env_hidden);

            if let Some(var) = block.signature.get_positional(0) {
                if let Some(var_id) = &var.var_id {
                    stack.add_var(*var_id, arg.clone());
                }
            }

            let (output, next_input) = match eval_block_with_early_return(
                &engine_state,
                &mut stack,
                &block,
                arg.into_pipeline_data(),
            ) {
                // no data -> output nothing and stop.
                Ok(PipelineData::Empty) => (None, None),

                Ok(PipelineData::Value(value, ..)) => {
                    let span = value.span();
                    match value {
                        // {out: ..., next: ...} -> output and continue
                        Value::Record { val, .. } => {
                            let iter = val.into_iter();
                            let mut out = None;
                            let mut next = None;
                            let mut err = None;

                            for (k, v) in iter {
                                if k.eq_ignore_ascii_case("out") {
                                    out = Some(v);
                                } else if k.eq_ignore_ascii_case("next") {
                                    next = Some(v);
                                } else {
                                    let error = ShellError::GenericError {
                                        error: "Invalid block return".into(),
                                        msg: format!("Unexpected record key '{}'", k),
                                        span: Some(span),
                                        help: None,
                                        inner: vec![],
                                    };
                                    err = Some(Value::error(error, block_span));
                                    break;
                                }
                            }

                            if err.is_some() {
                                (err, None)
                            } else {
                                (out, next)
                            }
                        }

                        // some other value -> error and stop
                        _ => {
                            let error = ShellError::GenericError {
                                error: "Invalid block return".into(),
                                msg: format!("Expected record, found {}", value.get_type()),
                                span: Some(span),
                                help: None,
                                inner: vec![],
                            };

                            (Some(Value::error(error, block_span)), None)
                        }
                    }
                }

                Ok(other) => {
                    let val = other.into_value(block_span);
                    let error = ShellError::GenericError {
                        error: "Invalid block return".into(),
                        msg: format!("Expected record, found {}", val.get_type()),
                        span: Some(val.span()),
                        help: None,
                        inner: vec![],
                    };

                    (Some(Value::error(error, block_span)), None)
                }

                // error -> error and stop
                Err(error) => (Some(Value::error(error, block_span)), None),
            };

            // We use `state` to control when to stop, not `output`. By wrapping
            // it in a `Some`, we allow the generator to output `None` as a valid output
            // value.
            *state = next_input;
            Some(output)
        });

        Ok(iter.flatten().into_pipeline_data(ctrlc))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_examples() {
        use crate::test_examples;

        test_examples(Generate {})
    }
}