nushell/crates/nu-command/src/strings/str_/substring.rs

use crate::input_handler::{operate, CmdArgument};
use crate::{grapheme_flags, util};
use nu_engine::CallExt;
use nu_protocol::ast::Call;
use nu_protocol::ast::CellPath;
use nu_protocol::engine::{Command, EngineState, Stack};
use nu_protocol::{
    Example, PipelineData, Range, ShellError, Signature, Span, SyntaxShape, Type, Value,
};
use std::cmp::Ordering;
use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct SubCommand;

struct Arguments {
    indexes: Substring,
    cell_paths: Option<Vec<CellPath>>,
    graphemes: bool,
}

impl CmdArgument for Arguments {
    fn take_cell_paths(&mut self) -> Option<Vec<CellPath>> {
        self.cell_paths.take()
    }
}

#[derive(Clone)]
struct Substring(isize, isize);

impl From<(isize, isize)> for Substring {
    fn from(input: (isize, isize)) -> Substring {
        Substring(input.0, input.1)
    }
}

impl Command for SubCommand {
    fn name(&self) -> &str {
        "str substring"
    }

    fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
        Signature::build("str substring")
            .input_output_types(vec![(Type::String, Type::String)])
            .vectorizes_over_list(true)
            .switch(
                "grapheme-clusters",
                "count indexes and split using grapheme clusters (all visible chars have length 1)",
                Some('g'),
            )
            .switch(
                "utf-8-bytes",
                "count indexes and split using UTF-8 bytes (default; non-ASCII chars have length 2+)",
                Some('b'),
            )
            .required(
                "range",
                SyntaxShape::Any,
                "the indexes to substring [start end]",
            )
            .rest(
                "rest",
                SyntaxShape::CellPath,
                "For a data structure input, turn strings at the given cell paths into substrings",
            )
    }

    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
        "Get part of a string. Note that the start is included but the end is excluded, and that the first character of a string is index 0."
    }

    fn search_terms(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
        vec!["slice"]
    }

    fn run(
        &self,
        engine_state: &EngineState,
        stack: &mut Stack,
        call: &Call,
        input: PipelineData,
    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
        let range: Range = call.req(engine_state, stack, 0)?;

        let indexes = match util::process_range(&range) {
            Ok(idxs) => idxs.into(),
            Err(processing_error) => {
                return Err(processing_error("could not perform substring", call.head))
            }
        };

        let cell_paths: Vec<CellPath> = call.rest(engine_state, stack, 1)?;
        let cell_paths = (!cell_paths.is_empty()).then_some(cell_paths);
        let args = Arguments {
            indexes,
            cell_paths,
            graphemes: grapheme_flags(call)?,
        };
        operate(action, args, input, call.head, engine_state.ctrlc.clone())
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![
            Example {
                description:
                    "Get a substring \"nushell\" from the text \"good nushell\" using a range",
                example: " 'good nushell' | str substring 5..12",
                result: Some(Value::test_string("nushell")),
            },
            Example {
                description: "Count indexes and split using grapheme clusters",
                example: " '🇯🇵ほげ ふが ぴよ' | str substring -g 4..6",
                result: Some(Value::test_string("ふが")),
            },
        ]
    }
}

fn action(input: &Value, args: &Arguments, head: Span) -> Value {
    let options = &args.indexes;
    match input {
        Value::String { val: s, .. } => {
            let len: isize = s.len() as isize;

            let start: isize = if options.0 < 0 {
                options.0 + len
            } else {
                options.0
            };
            let end: isize = if options.1 < 0 {
                std::cmp::max(len + options.1, 0)
            } else {
                options.1
            };

            if start < len && end >= 0 {
                match start.cmp(&end) {
                    Ordering::Equal => Value::string("", head),
                    Ordering::Greater => Value::Error {
                        error: Box::new(ShellError::TypeMismatch {
                            err_message: "End must be greater than or equal to Start".to_string(),
                            span: head,
                        }),
                    },
                    Ordering::Less => Value::String {
                        val: {
                            if end == isize::max_value() {
                                if args.graphemes {
                                    s.graphemes(true)
                                        .skip(start as usize)
                                        .collect::<Vec<&str>>()
                                        .join("")
                                } else {
                                    String::from_utf8_lossy(
                                        &s.bytes().skip(start as usize).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                                    )
                                    .to_string()
                                }
                            } else if args.graphemes {
                                s.graphemes(true)
                                    .skip(start as usize)
                                    .take((end - start) as usize)
                                    .collect::<Vec<&str>>()
                                    .join("")
                            } else {
                                String::from_utf8_lossy(
                                    &s.bytes()
                                        .skip(start as usize)
                                        .take((end - start) as usize)
                                        .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                                )
                                .to_string()
                            }
                        },
                        span: head,
                    },
                }
            } else {
                Value::string("", head)
            }
        }
        // Propagate errors by explicitly matching them before the final case.
        Value::Error { .. } => input.clone(),
        other => Value::Error {
            error: Box::new(ShellError::UnsupportedInput(
                "Only string values are supported".into(),
                format!("input type: {:?}", other.get_type()),
                head,
                // This line requires the Value::Error match above.
                other.expect_span(),
            )),
        },
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::{action, Arguments, Span, SubCommand, Substring, Value};

    #[test]
    fn test_examples() {
        use crate::test_examples;

        test_examples(SubCommand {})
    }
    struct Expectation<'a> {
        options: (isize, isize),
        expected: &'a str,
    }

    impl Expectation<'_> {
        fn options(&self) -> Substring {
            Substring(self.options.0, self.options.1)
        }
    }

    fn expectation(word: &str, indexes: (isize, isize)) -> Expectation {
        Expectation {
            options: indexes,
            expected: word,
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn substrings_indexes() {
        let word = Value::test_string("andres");

        let cases = vec![
            expectation("a", (0, 1)),
            expectation("an", (0, 2)),
            expectation("and", (0, 3)),
            expectation("andr", (0, 4)),
            expectation("andre", (0, 5)),
            expectation("andres", (0, 6)),
            expectation("", (0, -6)),
            expectation("a", (0, -5)),
            expectation("an", (0, -4)),
            expectation("and", (0, -3)),
            expectation("andr", (0, -2)),
            expectation("andre", (0, -1)),
            // str substring [ -4 , _ ]
            // str substring   -4 ,
            expectation("dres", (-4, isize::max_value())),
            expectation("", (0, -110)),
            expectation("", (6, 0)),
            expectation("", (6, -1)),
            expectation("", (6, -2)),
            expectation("", (6, -3)),
            expectation("", (6, -4)),
            expectation("", (6, -5)),
            expectation("", (6, -6)),
        ];

        for expectation in &cases {
            let expected = expectation.expected;
            let actual = action(
                &word,
                &Arguments {
                    indexes: expectation.options(),
                    cell_paths: None,
                    graphemes: false,
                },
                Span::test_data(),
            );

            assert_eq!(actual, Value::test_string(expected));
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn use_utf8_bytes() {
        let word = Value::String {
            val: String::from("🇯🇵ほげ ふが ぴよ"),
            span: Span::test_data(),
        };

        let options = Arguments {
            cell_paths: None,
            indexes: Substring(4, 5),
            graphemes: false,
        };

        let actual = action(&word, &options, Span::test_data());
        assert_eq!(actual, Value::test_string("<EFBFBD>"));
    }
}